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Literary Theory & Criticism and Indian Aesthetic

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                  Class Assignments   Dicuss" Kuntak's Vakrokti " Theory in detail  Introduction   Kuntaka is the originator of the Vakrokti school of Sanskrit literary theory. He came after Anandvardhan of the 9th century and before Abhinavagupta of the 10th century. His time wasthe time of high merit of Indian poetics. Dhananjaya and Rajashekhar were his contemporary theorists. The theorists who appeared in the time of Kuntaka contributed a lot to what is indifferent shape is considered as modern theories of literature and language. In this context,Ganesh Devy says that Vakrorkti and the Alamkara are two Indian schools which are very close to two Western schools of thought, formalism and new criticism. Ganesh Devy commented, “Vakrokti is a theory of poetry which perceives poetry essentially as terms of the language of its expression. It sees the poetic language as a language of metaphor and suggestive communication”. Hence, K...

History of English Literature - From 1900- 2000

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                  Class Assignment            Dicuss the characteristics of "The Twentieth century" English Literature by A. C. Ward  Introduction   The 20th century was a time of rapid change marked by scientific progress, World Wars, industrialization, and shifting social values. Victorian ideals of stability and moral certainty declined as modernity reshaped society. Literature moved away from traditional forms and embraced experimentation and modernism. Writers like James Joyce in Ulysses and T. S. Eliot in The Waste Land reflected the fragmented and uncertain spirit of the age. Socialist movements such as the Fabian Society influenced the creation of Britain’s welfare state, though government control sometimes reduced individuality. Industrialization and mass production created feelings of alienation. Youth movements and growing consumerism further transformed society, weakening traditional v...

The Twentieth century Literature:1900 to world war -2

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                        Class Assignment   Dicuss the summary of the "Orlando -A biography" by Virginia Woolf  Introduction   Orlando: A Biography (1928) by Virginia Woolf is a modernist novel that blends biography and fantasy. It tells the story of Orlando , a character who lives for centuries and changes sex from male to female. Through this imaginative narrative, Woolf explores identity, gender, and the passage of time . About the Author  Virginia Woolf (1882–1941) was a major English modernist writer and a key figure of the Bloomsbury Group. She is known for her experimental narrative techniques, especially stream of consciousness . Her famous works include Mrs Dalloway , To the Lighthouse , Orlando , and A Room of One’s Own . Woolf’s writing explores themes of identity, time, gender, and the inner life of characters , making her one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century She was a k...

The Twentieth century Literature From the World war 2 to the end of the century

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                       Class Assignment    Dicuss the summary of the novel  "Nineteen Eighty - four" by George Orwell  Introduction   Nineteen Eighty-Four is a dystopian novel written by George Orwell . It presents a totalitarian society where the Party controls every aspect of life through surveillance, propaganda, and fear. Through the character of Winston Smith, the novel warns about the dangers of dictatorship and the loss of freedom and individuality. About the Author  George Orwell (1903–1950) was an English novelist, essayist, and journalist, best known for his clear writing style and strong political views. His real name was Eric Arthur Blair. Orwell wrote about social injustice, totalitarianism, poverty, and the misuse of political power. He is famous for his novels Nineteen Eighty-Four and Animal Farm, both of which criticize dictatorship and oppression. Orwell’s works remain highly inf...

The American Literature

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Class Assignment   Discuss the summary of the "Long Day's Journey into Night " by "Eugene O'Nei Introduction   Long Day’s Journey into Night is a tragic autobiographical play by Eugene O’Neill. It presents one day in the life of the Tyrone family, revealing their emotional conflicts, guilt, addiction, and failures. The action takes place in the Tyrone summer house from morning to midnight. About the Author  Eugene Gladstone O’Neill (1888–1953) was a renowned American playwright and a pioneer of modern American theatre. He was born in New York into a theatrical family ; his father, James O’Neill, was a famous stage actor. O’Neill’s troubled family life, marked by addiction and emotional pain, strongly influenced his writing  He wrote plays that focused on realism, psychological depth, and tragic human experiences. O’Neill won the Nobel Prize in Literature (1936) and received four Pulitzer Prizes for drama. Some of his famous plays include The Emperor Jones, The H...